Never put on line /The Trial of Adolf Eichmann - Documentary

Jerusalem April 11th 1961 the trial

opening here today is destined to go

down in history for the first time a

prominent Nazi criminal will have to

answer to his victims

thanks to live coverage and daily

rebroadcasts in various countries

television is turning this trial into

one of the first global mass media

events

for the first time the survivors of the

genocide will finally be given a voice

and the trial will examine one man's

guilt in the greatest crime against

humanity of the 20th century Israeli

head of state David ben-gurion wanted

this trial to be the Jewish people's

nuremberg its impact will exceed his

expectations it will engrave the Jewish

Genocide in the collective consciousness

all eyes are fixed on the man taking his

place in the glass cage protecting him

from an active individual vengeance his

name is adolf eichmann now 55 years old

from 1939 to 1945 he was in charge of

the department of Jewish affairs section

4 B 4 of the SD the Third Reich security

service headed by Reinhard Heydrich the

vanguard of genocide I commence spent

his whole career in the SS and the SD

from January 1942 onwards his main task

was to organize the transportation of

Jewish men women and children to the

death camps and thence to the gas

chambers

[Music]

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[Music]

a year before the trial began when

ben-gurion announced Eichmann's capture

in Buenos Aires where he'd found asylum

under a false identity the Israeli prime

minister accused him of being chiefly to

blame for the final solution the

organised murder of six million European

Jews a charge that Gideon Hausner

Attorney General of the State of Israel

will now endeavor to prove

Aikman is being defended by German

lawyer Robert Cervantes who in 1945 had

defended Sokol and Brandt at Nuremberg

it is he who opens the proceedings each

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the statement which his lawyer calls a

breach of procedure was signed by

Eichmann when he was being secretly held

captive by a Mossad commando group

recognized by a Jewish family Eichmann

had been hunted for a long time before

being captured at home one may evening

in 1960 while the commandos were

awaiting the arrival of the ll plane to

take him to Israel I Quinn signed a

document consenting to be tried by an

Israeli Court not limit a notification

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after the collapse of the Third Reich

Eichmann goes to northern Germany he

works under a false name and a false

identity as a as a laborer a forester

and somewhere around 1948-49 he makes

contact with the underground network

that is helping SS men to escape from

Europe to South America he gets some of

the papers that he needs and in 1950 in

July he finally boards a ship in Genoa

that takes him to Buenos Aires in

Argentina he was able to bring his wife

Vera and the boys to join him in the

late 1950s the hunt for Nazi war

criminals was not the Israeli

government's top priority

Fritz Bauer chief prosecutor for the

West German state of HESA had tipped off

Israel to Eichmann's presence in

Argentina next a Mossad investigator

Ziya her oniy whose family had been

massacred by the Nazis traveled alone to

Buenos Aires his assignment was to make

sure that the man living on Garibaldi

Street under the name Ricardo Klement

was indeed auto feikin only after repeat

reading of her oneis photographs did the

Mossad send a commando unit to Argentina

charged with confirming his identity

capturing him and bringing him to Israel

kidnapped on May 11th 1960 held captive

in the cellar of a safe house rented by

the Israeli agents

he immediately admitted he was Adolf

Eichmann my name's God

Mohammad Ramallah camera that's really a

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circa una tonic miss Paris's commercial

there's one and the other vitamin it was

ten days before the ll plane was

scheduled to arrive the Mossad agents

took turns guarding and interrogating

Eichmann in the hideout the man they had

captured bore no resemblance to the

monster they had imagined I thought I

would see if some sort of personality it

wasn't but then then he was nothing in

his full capacity he was a prisoner it's

not the same like sitting behind the

desk and giving orders - yeah cutscene

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days after Eichmann signed a statement

agreeing to a trial in Israel the plane

touched down in Buenos Aires the former

Nazi was drugged and like the commandos

dressed in an L all uniform in order to

get through security checks without a

hitch

when he came to the airport Eichmann

they talked that was sitting next to him

with a syringe in his arm because we

wanted to make him dizzy and he came

half asleep so we told the guard we have

a sick man without said of our God and

we took him up the stairs to the

aeroplane York of God was helping him

with the elbow so Ivan didn't actually

walk up to the airplane he was carried

but looked like being walked immediately

we had the bed prepared to him when he

fell asleep woke up in Tel Aviv the new

brush sorry Agnes said Oh Lyle or

dialect nesset live newsman ma nood gala

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along to the nauseated of elaborate

action you'd LFTR metric a machine

ben-gurion announcement came like a

thunderbolt triggering debate in the

media all over the world

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yet second timer you d UV cream the

Lingam bollocks

do you as a German Jew like the idea of

Iceland being tried in Israel no I don't

like it at all you so I'm personally

concerned about it because I lost my

whole family yeah in Germany of various

camps I don't think there's any legal

basis for it whatsoever and I don't

think it will serve any purpose possibly

if they would want to have a trial they

possibly should have had an

international court but in no case

whatsoever should she be tried by an

Israeli URI do you think that Eichmann

should be tried in Israel I think he

should be tried in Israel because Israel

is the country where the victims now

lives at sea Republic where all the

victims of our of Hitler's and our

George

now mr. faucitt perhaps we could begin

with you I think there's a legal point

which sticks in many people's throat

about this Eichmann case the man was

kidnapped in Argentina and dragged quite

unwillingly to stand trial in Israel how

does this cast doubt in any way on the

legality of this trial no he was

kidnapped and his kidnapping was

unlawful Argentina complained about this

to the United Nations Israel went there

to answer the charges the whole matter

was debated and settled to the

satisfaction of the parties and there's

no outstanding complaint there but what

about this idea which many Jews have but

the one effect of this trial will be to

increase anti-semitism I doubt it

you can't cause anti-semitism by this

trial you can only stimulate it where it

already exists I don't think one can

take into a

count the reactions of the pathological

anti-semite the trial was to be held in

a theater the house of the people of

Jerusalem it was transformed into a

courtroom with a glass cage built for

the defendant it would become

inextricably linked to his image in the

media hearing ben-gurion z' announcement

on the radio American producer milton

[ __ ] man had the idea of filming the

trial i had been in jerusalem working

for NBC on a film a biography of the

Prime Minister David ben-gurion NBC had

sent a copy of the film to Ben Gurion

and he in turn wrote me a letter saying

there was fair and objective and if I

happen to be in Jerusalem in the future

he'd be happy to see me

and so I thought well here's my

opportunity I will see him at the time

there was no television in Israel

ben-gurion had always been against it

but as freshman had secured a deal for

daily broadcasts with several television

stations notably in West Germany and the

US the Israeli prime minister allowed

himself to be persuaded these broadcasts

would take the trial beyond the

courtroom to reach an international

audience sessions would therefore be

filmed on condition that the cameras be

neither visible nor audible so as to

avoid disturbing the proceedings or

influencing the witnesses they had to be

hidden

I received the letter from the Israeli

government saying that had been decided

that four cameras that the most could be

set up in the courtroom until the start

of the trial and I had built the control

room and the recording studio and had

the four cameras in the courtroom

attached to all of that equipment next

fruits Minh had to find a filmmaker

capable of directing the program when

the war ended Leo had been hired by CBS

to Cree help them create a new

television network television was just

beginning it was just in its infancy and

television production hadn't been

invented they really didn't know how to

take five cameras and switch between

them live the way television happens all

the time now and Leo was hired to help

create the art of television to help

create the art and technique of

television which he did as the Eichmann

trial began to take shape

Milton Frischmann I was looking for

somebody who could train a crew from the

ground up and Leo had done that he'd

done that in CBS so freshman knew Leo

could do that innovative videotape

recording technology still in its

infancy would make it possible every

night to dispatch tapes film to that day

to lots of countries we recorded over

1,000 miles of videotape excerpts of the

trial were sent to 56 countries

throughout the world that had television

at about 35 other countries that did not

have television showed it on film in

theaters as part of their newsreels the

material was seen everywhere in the

world

[Music]

new uniforms but totally not the secret

is Krisha if you eat on any column

prosecutor Gideon Hausner sees the trial

developing on two fronts first of all

the survivors must have their say

speaking out will enable them to break

out of the ostracism visited on them by

the young Jewish state it will also lift

the shroud of silence that has cloaked

the world since the genocide the next

job will be to try an uncommon criminal

according to the strict rule of law and

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upon arriving in Israel Eichmann had

been detained in a fortified camp near

Haifa an investigating team made up of

attorneys and detectives known as bureau

six was formed to build the case against

Eichmann Gavriel Bock the young

assistant prosecutor was amongst them

for nine months I was in charge of the

investigation then after that I appeared

together with the Attorney General

Gideon Hausner we appear together in the

trial and also on appeal so actually for

two years I spent full time with the

with the item on trial you know the

question is how to how to prepare

subcircuits which we never had such a

list such a thing not of that size and

none of that seriousness before it was a

bit difficult at first to get witnesses

many of them didn't want to talk about

this they had put it aside they had not

talked to their families I insisted

there should at least be one live

witness from every country but the main

case was still of course documents

because Ashman was head of the Jewish

Department of the Gestapo all during the

war and all the main decisions were

covered by documents written by him or

his immediate superiors or his company

or his department and there of course

the main case rested on the question of

documents

Eichmann had signed hundreds of

documents all of them incriminating but

for all that could he personally be

blamed for the final solution the

systematic murder of all the Jews in

Europe at the 1945 Nuremberg trials

hoist the commandant of Auschwitz and

vizla Saini one of his subordinates had

designated I claim as the prime

corporate position commando see when the

rest knows now a schvitz craft went up

the end losing to review it

Vizsla zany and horse had tried to blame

iseman for everything that happened to

the Jews they were completely innocent

the deportations the death camps the

concentration camps all of this has been

the responsibility of AD off Eichmann it

was a blame game everyone wanted to

blame Eichmann and Eichmann of course in

1946-47 was not there to defend his name

and when I kiman hears about these

accusations and claims he's absolutely

shocked and he's very angry because he

realizes that this testimony is going to

get him into trouble if he's ever caught

yet I cleanse career at the head of

department for B for the Department of

Jewish affairs seemed to confirm the

testimony is a voice and visla Saini

in 1938 Eichmann had been charged with

looting and deporting Austria's Jews

next he had made several reports to his

superiors on the extermination of Jews

in Eastern Europe by the Einsatzgruppen

the mobile death squads

he had also planned the Vaughn say

conference in January 1942 where Nazi

leaders ratified the final solution from

then on Jews would be murdered in gas

chambers rather than mass graves or gas

vans after the Vance a conference

Eichmann had been in charge of the

deportation of Jews throughout

nazi-occupied Europe to the death camps

and he continued in that capacity until

the end of the war I think I was most

interested for instance to get documents

from Poland because there were the death

camps and I wanted to know what evidence

there is about the death camps and how

they worked and what happened there now

in the Polish government at that time

was not very pro-israel and they gave

instructions that no one should

cooperate with us a industry in the

preparation of the trial but many people

wanted to help us so they sent us

anonymous letters so I never forget one

day I received a letter which is typed

out pages of all the number of Jews that

were sent but go to Auschwitz and the

numbers that were given on put on their

arms now in a criminal case how can I

try to views the thing like this so I

asked for a meeting of all the police

officers and I showed them that I said

look there are hundreds of people from

ours which are alive they said have the

number on their arms now they know when

they arrived in Auschwitz so if you say

let's say like all the people in July 42

who came to the - to Auschwitz should

come to the police and examine their

numbers and ask them when they arrived

and then see whether the document in

fact is a true one

had not yet finished saying that and the

police officer in charge of Poland

pulled up his sleeve of his shirt and he

showed us a number and he said I came to

Auschwitz in November 43 and this is my

lumber and it fits exactly with what's

written there 160 135 zio essentially me

November are buying the shalash at Vasa

Beyond or ellipsometry women Hamish lo

halle-loo schemata hello there I am

Michael Goldman a survivor of the

genocide whose number was on the list

had emigrated to Israel after the war

where he became a police officer he was

one of the chief investigators in Bureau

six enough know ye know our boss a

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not be Kabbalat Shabbat hot share the

support of our

Erasmus I come in among the very first

testify is Avner less the senior officer

who led the bureau sex questioning both

gallery and defendant

listen to Ackman's voice answering the

policeman's questions on tape

Aikman explains his duties as the head

of department for before looking to

mitigate his responsibilities by

claiming that all he did was follow

orders from Himmler and his superior

officers Eichmann's guilt was one of the

fundamental issues of his trial but not

the only one

until then the genocide had been

considered an aggravating circumstance

of Nazi war crimes no survivors had been

summoned to give evidence at the

Nuremberg trials in Jerusalem they would

come from all over the world to talk

about the genocide from the crystal

knocked to the massacres on the Eastern

Front and then in the death camps for

Israel it was essential that their story

be heard during the trial for the world

to be made aware of the atrocities

committed but there were also domestic

motives troubling Israeli society at the

time I mean do you see in this courtroom

the little boy who received these

whippings yes is this officer Goldman

sitting right next to me yes this is

officer Goldman

big egos but she met there it's a much

more water

miss authority but can they make me so

difficult to come honey today maybe I'd

get to Varsha hunting it's okay man

grant the Camaro Mickey the new Marty

Annie Loomis appear below support its

alpha hat Wilmot Parma heart

Casey Hill Gotti Arzo Hagia Sophia

Fatima Stowe and after the bernoulli

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having the survivors testify would make

them a part of Israeli society the

immigrants from Eastern Europe who

founded the Jewish homeland in the 1920s

had fled the ghettos and pogroms in

Palestine they became pioneers to

survive they took up arms and fought the

British

and then the Arab armies our young

people many of the young people did not

want to hear about the Holocaust some of

the Israeli children or the young young

the pupils where didn't want to hear

about it because they were somehow felt

the same young Israeli can understand

that in fighting you can be heard that

you can be killed and you can lose the

battle he can understand that but he

cannot understand how hundreds of

thousands and millions of people can be

brought to a slaughter

bank without without active opposition

and they didn't that's why they didn't

want to hear about it and the rather

feeling of shame the victims of the

genocide Jews who had given up and gone

like lambs to the slaughter as the

saying went went against the heroic

image of Jewish renewal in Israel as a

result Israeli authorities were careful

to emphasize their acts of bravery

symbolized by resistance in the ghettos

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the partisans bravery was real but paled

in the context of the catastrophe it was

of secondary importance the survivors

were victims first and foremost we

showed how the systemic almost

scientific way in which the Germans

managed to mislead people whether they

were Jews or gypsies or or Russian

commissar always how people were

prevented from defending themselves

because they were misled until there was

no reason to Michael put clip Nick was

part of a team assigned to clear the gas

vans of corpses Eastern Europe invaded

by the Nazis in June 1941 had been the

laboratory of the Holocaust Jews were

killed by mass shootings and in gas fans

this was before the industrial scale

murder of the death camps that's why I

take from now you now you a Nazi we came

in the artist again what are you

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file they're asking

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life

[Applause]

journalists in the front row of the

gallery like legal correspondent

Frederic poacher are staggered when they

hear the horrors of the Shoah for the

first time their media reports reflect

this interview family directly in any

event we have identified easy I think

instead of cars

so there are others on your Sunday it

does our fossil to good was ever thought

we see the videotape us security magical

chakras imagine into that mountain to

clean wha

it means yes in a society cause sentir

mieux que can get a told you care see

secretary who serve a courtesy

succession correct key Pushpa can take

whatever they can today to secondi of

second thesis all she saw these shows

are really see Carol Walker will Boyer

party party the trial of Iceman is

important because for the first time the

full narrative of the persecution of the

Jews mass murder and genocide was set

out very clearly very dramatically and

it was the first time that the world

heard the voices of the victims heard

testimony on a large scale day after day

people testifying to terrible terrible

things that had previously not been

recorded that were not available to the

wider public deported to

auschwitz-birkenau in december 1943

yahoo tabacon was assigned to various

work details inside the extermination

camp he witnessed the gassing of his

father he was 14 years old

okay enough momentary him like a fat

head seem shy us a visa Crematory miss

la cerva I know it's a uniform in Makaha

Beach will hosaka say dear Ali Maha not

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with scar did come a movie guy better a

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Mallika member including surround

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garage Akash original crematorium am

Raja cotton welcome licinus a solution

before him

the familiar Cosmo the IME Crematory

miss bachelors Alisha's her photo at our

afar the horrifying would serve him leaf

damage buff our luck fishing negative

yell cats ethnic an Auschwitz survivor

who became a successful writer in Israel

has difficulty coming to terms with the

hell of the extermination camp his

poetic descriptions are hard to follow

shishun pastor Olivia

how could have him esteem Vaseline him I

could have her ever

oh [ __ ] or made the moon

Carlton umma be our love

in muhammad canim I am all Superior

Court metal planet result in Minihan

field shall result

Liat kana aneema mean the moon Ashley

maha dot Joshua Jenna's body lehem

mr. do Melanie the matatini no height a

shoe hazard

tsch massively swooping temperature

during the witness's testimony a

commotion occasionally breaks out in the

courtroom some in the gallery target

Aikman other Jewish witnesses are

accused of having collaborated with

their executioner's leikman had traveled

to Budapest to supervise the deportation

of the Hungarian Jews in 1944 when Fulop

Frigga was one of the Jewish community

leaders an offer was made to trade 1

million Jewish lives for 10,000 trucks

joelle Braund

who was in charge of the negotiation

tried to convince the Allies to agree to

Ackman's proposal but failed during his

testimony

Freddie ger is insulted and accused of

treason

[Applause]

[Music]

there were some people you know who who

say that there was some Jewish leaders

friends in Poland and they were

sometimes forced to prepare lists of

people who of Jews to be sent to the to

the into the into the camp so the death

camps and they were told that if they do

that then they themselves and their

families will be saved and some of them

refused but some of them did that they

did that and saved in order to save them

their lives and their families and then

I we always found it very difficult to

criticize people you know who are in for

what they did and at this very

particular you know a situation two

months after the trial began

111 survivors have testified and the

prosecution rests time for the defense

to present its case I commence voice now

resounds in the courtroom as he responds

to questioning from his lawyer even

sneak in spinning Suzette's in a field

suit is a catch it'll inspire hundreds

of us initially i cohen describes at

length the inspections he carried out in

the east between 1941 and 1942 he saw

the massacres perpetrated by the mobile

death squads but denies any involvement

in them

not dissing bazoo incredibly worthy

Obamas formula this mana Minsk u-shaped

on smart titanium Miller needs the same

Minsk ashes in Europe ever injured are

you be reached

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group and assist the undulating hat from

there

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own father he often house wizard yes not

team each piece is getting a field

scheme is bassoon reason on Everest art

design a manipulative up gave Muslim

become each team a field hospital became

even fights

these are throughout his

cross-examination Eichmann maintains the

same defense he was merely a civil

servant carrying out orders from his

superiors and he bore absolutely no

responsibility for the final solution or

its implementation his duties were

strictly limited to the matter of

transport the contents of the railway

carriages or their destination were

outside his purview and

so vistas and Anwar head he knew their

own detriment the habit is a prevalent

in getting tired MIT engrossed in villa

villain and King gentleman on throats

man Villa Lauriston beaten me from

decent Afghan out soon eminent me for

teasing Afghan sir in Indian War designs

- fergus's meat and profit

the prosecution failed to prove

Eichmann's responsibility for the

Einsatzgruppen massacres of Jewish

civilians in the former Soviet Union by

examining the role played by the former

Nazi at the Vance a conference the

prosecutor sought to demonstrate his

involvement in the decision to

exterminate European Jewry by the end of

1941 Heydrich sent out invitations to a

meeting to be held at Vons a a suburb of

Berlin at which senior civil servants

who had to work together would be

collected and they would be briefed

about this new policy the purpose of the

Ranse conference then was to coordinate

the mass murder of all the Jews of

Europe

iseman knowingly willingly takes upon

himself the job of administering

genocide killing millions of Jews does

this bother him he says voluntarily and

he repeats it when he's interrogated

that because the leaders of the Reich

had decided that all the Jews of Europe

all the Jews under German control would

be murdered because they had decided he

was just the faithful civil servant he

did what he was told he did his job he

tried to do it well questioned about his

role at the Vance a conference Mike

McCann finds himself to describing the

mood at the table where Heydrich Mueller

and the other chief administrators of

the genocide were meeting according to

him he was merely serving as Secretary

and never contributed to the discussion

million furnished in this program

exchange by Atia Manitoba at one Suman

feeding protocol Angelina discontent

each day she endeavoured to work in our

aborted dragon in Sahara and in a

steamer - ooh gross division as Desmond

didn't botch vanished and Nevada hit off

his nut chef's dishes are a basilica -

Michele her yeshiva laughter does well

in more feet ceiling tile the targa were

not by him of its Aaron Taylor president

of its elite I'll the Manzo will assist

the sweet hospitality some namely the

unfun the others revisionism Easton

super moist hot own tandas thickness

ended soon though these are had to gain

under his profit would weaken and

explosion we don't go before an

incineration under guns inside cognac

order under a trinket

won't exist nice toss it and I will be

consistent across automation young of

Mohammed are a union no Joshua the solid

horizon does the two items are and only

an unrighteous team of our auditors

Artin LCA committed in the reverse

fashion he had a leak in a normal manner

I'm tomahto you take us for the

dimension to ask is for him then because

with Allah Paul London V s Bobby Tolan

be shifting taking Spanish if coli

timaeus that's secret a doctor Beulah I

use for him she does give is afforable

right in the air Biden in Sugata antlers

on like in the traffic a bit incites -

Sophie Ronson for buying a dog a

neighbor Unruh young deferred

the Falcon fan meeting their mother baiz

days ago dr. Hamid American he had a

four here

he fought a retinol our pet industry

club revision shielded us food its

valuation the mast world Hermitage a

colossal room motion see does a foot on

this dish - salmon salad Maha Bua Shiva

Zambia showing you her tea will be

serviced by these are

Venice highest important Stella only

difficult to be under doing so can teach

me again is under his flesh tearing us

Georgia and Lang demand van de secrets

for here you see inhabit an ikemen had

played no part in opting for and

planning the final solution yet the van

C conference determined the course of

his life and the key role he played in

the mass murder of the Jews in a phrase

that he used transporting Jews to the

butcher he was not responsible for the

death caps all the shooting squads but

it was going to be out of Eichmann who

organized the rounding up of the Jews

the transportation of the Jews this made

him a central figure in genocide that

was his Rubicon

despite Eichmann's insistence that his

duties were limited to the technical

aspects of conveying Jews to the death

camps prosecutor house Nora's

cross-examination highlighted Eichmann's

personal commitment to the mission

obviously he was determined to keep the

trains rolling no matter what the fate

of the Jewish children rounded up in

Paris deported to the gas chambers at

Birkenau in August 1942 is one of the

turning points in the trial Jorge Velez

researcher at the institut pasteur was a

prisoner in rossi alongside the children

from the Valdez roundup Eichmann had

given the order to send them to

Auschwitz the camp where Valores would

be interned so what am I lost a mother

is unfair if you complete them out

disoriented is obscene you'll get a

little dish

I wish Iran's enable put the keys on

folders on how they do it what cut alone

Jenny from the same Empire no you know

medicine equity disorder part a the

rights of all plural is a result is a et

give a para la mayor it illegal to for

shooting chambre the song they also

serve a woman who the enemy in this a

positive route usually already on this

autre chambre is it it authorities at lo

hará Ashley Kay mr. Behrman a mismatched

chili flake in Kihei Tasha lashes meta

malice ot melody Marilia Hamish

terahertz are fatigued after our Tanisha

Thomas old in national government admits

giving the order by telephone to deport

the children but he denies instigating

the decision he maintains that Himmler

alone had such authority all Eichmann

did was follow orders

does the so piety transporting the

Skinner in the transporter

no please you're a leader a way to

resolve on c'mon say a blurry a city but

it is impossible affair the sound Allah

khuda

you come yellow settlers and our team

auntie dollie Shawn keep Rene dollar bra

little funky CD bought a geeky only you

Canada sounded on a cool

let me just ask you this mr. nerim in

1944 when you came to Auschwitz did you

then see any one of these children alive

before the trial where I was in charge

of the investigation I never forget that

day I was sitting in my office and I was

really the out of this man was executed

in 1948 but before his execution he

wrote his autobiography and I read that

on that day and I read said he described

how they had many days on which they had

to kill a thousand Jewish children a day

and he described how the children

sometimes used to kneel down and ask to

be saved and he wrote when I had to push

the children into the gas chambers my

knees were getting a bit wobbly but then

he added but I always afterwards felt

ashamed of this weakness of mine after I

talked to obersturmbannführer adult

Ashman that is rank in the SS because

Iceman explained to me that it's

especially the children that have to be

killed first he says because where is

the logic that you kill a generation of

older people and you leave alive a

generation of possible Avengers who can

afterwards create that race again now

maybe that's not devoid of some kind

macabre kind of logic but ten minutes

after I read that people told me - what

to see you Hajduk never forget heard his

steps outside and when you were sitting

opposite me like you people are sitting

now it was a bit difficult to keep a

poker face

well I just read that about the

necessity of killing killing Jewish

children I mean that was my my first

meeting with him mr. Rommel Adolf

Eichmann has said that repeatedly on the

witness stand in his own defense that

but fail is but fail to use the German

phrase orders are orders

how would you as the son of a field

marshal yourself interpret that defense

he says the teen is to say this is

nonsense this saves a man which has no

basic ideas and if he faced that he

couldn't escape this is wrong

also in a dictatorship it's a very

simple way to escape this is a in a ball

from executing such orders this is a way

to go to frontline from my experience I

can say that nobody would have been

killed shot or hanged in the Third Reich

when he would have said yes I want to

give my life at the frontline I don't

want to have this job I can do it I

cannot do it give it to anybody was not

a able to fight I want to fight but this

of course is a very difficult thing

fighting on the frontline means losing

their own life Mileva Maric original

yeah Shanny Madiba machine in any mode a

Bosma melenik adult if I mean a dermal

papilla some say well Coulomb Bahama and

socialized when we establish colonies

potentially who bear Appa and that we

knew my mother thought miss Penelope

khuda Deline

learn or nothing

[Applause]

[Applause]

my father set up a camera that looked

right into Ashwin's face

he provided the close-up that asked the

question who was Iceman Hockney

how can he be dispassionate is it leo

provided a kind of personalization of

the question raised by the Eichmann

trial Leo could not believe I asked

man's ability to look dispassionately at

the this catalogue of horror that was

being described in front of him and the

fact was Ashwin's face is a

dispassionate face was an icon for the

dispassion of the german machine the

German fascist machine which could do

all this without emotion only towards

the end of the trial to cyclins true

self emerge clearly he was not a mere

bureaucrat devoid of free will he was a

fanatical Nazi carrying out his mission

for as long as possible in March 1944

Eichmann had been sent to Budapest to

supervise the deportation of four

hundred and seventy four thousand

Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz he received

orders from Himmler to cease the

deportations because the Nazis had

already lost the war and this is when

Eichmann chose to disobey transcriptions

from a post-war interview with villains

Hassan confirm Eichmann's guilt in 1956

a journalist by the name of villain

Sasson who was half German half dart

she'd served in the waffen-ss during the

war primarily as a propagandist as a

journalist and who had fled to Argentina

after the war like many Nazis came

across Eichmann vilem Sasson had a

number of interviews with him and in

these conversations Eichmann boasts

about his role in the final solution he

describes himself as an idealist he said

that at the end of the war he gathered

his men together in the ruins of Berlin

and he told them that he would gladly

jump into his grave knowing that

he had taken five million enemies of the

Reich the Jews with him he boasted about

the good times in Hungary he lamented

how difficult it had been in Denmark and

part of the time in France and he said

that if he had not achieved the entire

annihilation of all the ten point three

million Jews in Europe it was a sign of

personal weakness and also because of

all the faction fighting within the Nazi

movement and within the head office of

the SS and he regretted his weakness and

his failure his failure to do what his

failure to utterly annihilate all of the

Jews so when these tapes were used at

his trial the effect was absolutely

devastating $6 did Bethell become

zergling huffed home for variety of

giving Augustus Jets forecast for CH

again Donna Bhishma Monica Duncan he

mocked when is the note when described

our content the hobbies imitating fun

artist was Oscar field Damon and the

ants alter national socialist from the

averatec then our birthright fellows by

the fergus texting from lambda to the

Shelton around stream des armes is

bizarre he's having a sucked in that

happiest carnage exactly like this is

renamed falsification

in Hungary in 1944 he behaves with

almost demonic energy going to see the

trains loaded up

making sure that the last Jews are

deported at the last possible moment

but I think that by that stage of the

war of his career he had identified

totally with his policy he couldn't

think of himself as functioning in any

other way at that moment he certainly

does display energy initiative

fanaticism smarts

Budapest Austria the Commission for

measuring that come from South Europe

forensic pathology at issue Rajaraja

supervisor which are multiple Ypres in

Bonato great if this will occur at their

facial or garage as a capital used in

beragon

not on that's why precip Oliver Li

gong-gong Abba Eban ET le grand fromage

untreated yellow mark shot at Savita and

the emergence of an erosion CIPO new

Marchetta heat SATA shall die I use a

matzo

fifty-five I argue that Eichmann was a

thinking human being who made choices

informed choices I think that at Vons a

he knew he was being asked to organize a

genocide what we would call a genocide

today and he took on that job knowingly

voluntarily this was not the action of a

stupid man a dull man a banal bureaucrat

a a robot

this was the action of someone who

thought carefully about what he was

doing and the reason I came in is such

an awful human being is that he decided

to do what he did do knowing it was

wrong knowing that it was you might say

evil these are products will be

important body each niche then each word

did me in hanazad he seemed to have

shown history with respect right at

hazards of the Auschwitz a shaft was the

portrayal of itself you have in deserts

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wear a two-piece photographed Vickerman

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visor of relegated estate near mixed to

even under the year isn't be filled by

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man up to given then these angling

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[Music]

- hee hee hee - bution hat he had

actually a clear me as a diesel he

writes an illusion diamonds and today

the Dow Alicia biases deep into the

heart of Magnum sector the transport

technician undulating happen which they

are best booster inform reason at least

and hundred workers that's how we pursue

to a clear

on December 11th 1961 eight months to

the day after the trial began the Court

handed down its verdict

the defendant was found guilty of crimes

against the Jewish people crimes against

humanity and war crimes Adolf Eichmann

was sentenced to death he appealed the

decision and on March 28 1962 his appeal

was rejected he then petitioned the

Israeli president for a pardon which was

refused on May 31st Eichmann became the

symbol of the final solution even though

he was not its architect as ben-gurion

and House nur had tried to demonstrate

his personality still arouses

controversy and conjecture Eichmann was

neither a simple bureaucrat a cog in the

machine of the final solution nor was he

the incarnation of evil his attitude

throughout the trial attested to his

extraordinary self-control the energy

and intelligence he mustered to defend

himself and his utter lack of empathy

for his victims but his trial would go

beyond examination of his personality or

guilt it brought to light the individual

grief of the survivors freed them to

speak for the first time and drew

worldwide attention to the genocide the

Eichmann trial enabled those survivors

voices to become part of history

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[Music]

[Music]