トランスクリプトEnglish

BREAKING: Malaysia MASSIVE 7.1 Earthquake SHOCKS Scientists — Biggest Earthquake In 103 Years

11m 31s1,582 単語274 segmentsEnglish

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The largest earthquake to strike

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Malaysia in 103 years just ripped

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through the mantle beneath Borneo.

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A magnitude 7.1 earthquake erupted 620

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km beneath the island of Sabah, deeper

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than almost any earthquake ever recorded

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on Earth.

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78 million people across five countries

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felt the shaking. From the northern tip

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of Borneo to apartment buildings in

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Singapore, 1,500 kilometers away.

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Malaysia's deputy prime minister

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activated the National Disaster

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Management Committee and deployed

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coastal patrols within the hour. Hotel

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staff in Kota Kinabalu

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ushered barefoot tourists down

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stairwells and into parking lots,

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clutching passports and phones.

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Residents along the coupat Peninsula

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rushed out of stilt houses and low-rise

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shop lots, fearing a repeat of 2015. And

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when seismologists at the United States

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Geological Survey traced the rupture to

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its source, they found it sitting on a

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slab of rock that does not appear on any

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current tectonic model of the Earth. But

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here is the detail that tells the real

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story.

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The last time a major earthquake struck

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the same region of Sabah, it was 20

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times weaker, a magnitude 6.0,

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18 km deep instead of 620. On the

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morning of June 5th, 2015, that smaller,

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shallower earthquake sent boulders the

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size of car tires crashing down Mount

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Kabalu and killed 18 people, including

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six school children from Singapore on a

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class trip. Eight months ago, two of the

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survivors returned to the mountain to

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summit it for the first time since the

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disaster. A government monument in

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Kundasang still lists all 18 names. And

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now, a study of more than 500 buildings

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across Sabah has found that over 160

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structures in Kota, Canabalu, and Quudat

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are vulnerable to partial collapse in a

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moderate earthquake. Malaysia did not

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have a seismic building code until 2017.

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Most of those buildings were built

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before it existed. Here is exactly what

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unfolded. At 12:57 in the morning, local

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time on February 23rd, the ground

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beneath northern Borneo lurched

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sideways. The German Research Center for

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Geossciences filed the first report

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within 5 minutes, magnitude 7.1.

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Indonesia's Seismic Agency confirmed

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within minutes. Then Australia, then

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USSGS.

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In Kota Kinabalu, the coastal capital of

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Sabah, a resident in a high-rise told

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Bernima the shaking lasted about 10

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seconds, but felt much longer. The

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ceiling fan in the living room swung

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violently. Picture frames rattled off

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walls. He woke his wife and three

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children and rushed them down the

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emergency stairwell to the parking

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structure below. On the sixth floor of

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another building, clinic assistant

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Clarice Eve Moji Go had just finished a

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night shift when her wardrobe door swung

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open on its own. The window shook. She

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grabbed her mother, a flashlight, and

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her phone and ran. On the resort islands

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of Manukan, Gaia, and Sappy, popular

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with divers and day trippers, guests

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reported beds shaking and wooden

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structures creaking.

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Power stayed on, but beachfront

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operators moved guests away from the

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waterline until authorities could rule

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out a tsunami.

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In Kota Kinabalu's waterfront hotel

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district, some tourists waited barefoot

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in open air car parks for nearly an hour

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before management confirmed the allcle.

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And then the shaking crossed borders.

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In Singapore, 1,500 kilometers to the

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southwest, residents in eastern

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neighborhoods posted to social media

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within minutes.

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One user near Katang Park wrote that

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their apartment was shaking quite a lot.

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Another in pass described a loud bang at

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their front door. Felt reports streamed

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in from Brunai, from the Philippines,

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from as far as Fuket, Thailand, and

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Panampen, Cambodia.

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The European Mediterranean Seismological

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Center collected 55 individual reports

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from five countries. 45 of those people

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confirmed they felt the earthquake.

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But here is where this story turns into

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something no one expected. The US

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Tsunami Warning Center confirmed within

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minutes that no tsunami was possible.

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Not because the earthquake was weak,

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because it was too deep.

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620 km below the surface. To put that in

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perspective, the earthquake source was

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farther from the nearest human being

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than the distance from London to Paris,

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twice over. Met Malaysia Director

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General Dr. Mod Hisham Mod Anip

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confirmed no aftershocks had been

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recorded and explained that the

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epicenter's extreme depth meant only

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mild tremors reached the surface.

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Deputy Prime Minister Ahmad Zahed

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Hamidi, chairing the National Disaster

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Management Committee, ordered continuous

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field monitoring by the Sabah Fire and

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Rescue Department and deployed patrols

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to coastal areas near the Sabah

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International Convention Center and

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across the districts of Pudatan and

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Coupat.

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Zero deaths, zero injuries, zero

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structural collapses.

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By midm morning, fish vendors in

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Kotakinaloo Central Market were back at

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their stalls. Merchandise restacked,

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hanging scales rehung. But the

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conversations at those stalls kept

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circling back to the same question.

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Could it happen again? And could it be

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worse?

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Here is what the science reveals, and it

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is stranger than anything a headline can

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carry. The earthquake did not originate

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on any known fault line, and it did not

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rupture along the edges of any mapped

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tectonic plate.

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Seismologists Kyle Bradley and Judith

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Hubard, writing for Earthquake Insights,

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trace the rupture to a slab of subducted

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rock that does not appear in the USGS

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slab 2.0 model, the most comprehensive

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map of the Earth's tectonic slabs ever

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assembled. Their analysis points to a

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possible origin that sounds like science

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fiction. The remnants of the proto South

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China Sea, a theoretical ocean basin

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that once separated Borneo from mainland

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Asia, were swallowed by the mantle

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roughly 16 million years ago. A vanished

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ocean still breaking.

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Then came the part that rewrites the

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textbooks.

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At a depth of 620 km, rock cannot crack.

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The temperatures are too extreme for

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traditional brittle fracture. The

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leading hypothesis is something called

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transformational falting. Olivine, the

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dominant mineral in the upper mantle,

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undergo sudden crystal structure changes

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under extreme pressure, rearranging its

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atoms into denser configurations.

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These phase changes can cascade through

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the rock and trigger an earthquake-like

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rupture even in material too hot to

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shatter. This earthquake did not break

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rock, it transformed it.

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B. Nvakanesh, a researcher at the

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Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention

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Research Initiative at University

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Kabangan, Malaysia, told Bernamama that

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the earthquake resulted from deep slab

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deformation.

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Under high pressure at such depth, the

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slab accumulated stress until it failed

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and released massive energy. Most of

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that energy, he explained, was absorbed

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by the mantle and crust before reaching

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the surface. And this is where the real

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danger hides. It is not 620 km down. It

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is at the surface.

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Sabah sits at the collision point of

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three tectonic plates. The Sunda plate,

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the Philippine Sea plate, and the

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Indo-Australian plate all converge

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beneath northern Borneo. The state is

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laced with shallow active fault systems

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with the Crocker fault running through

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Kota Kinabalu itself and the Mensaban

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fault near Rana.

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Muad Nur Ismael Abdul Raman, a senior

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lecturer in marine geoscience at

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