BREAKING: Malaysia MASSIVE 7.1 Earthquake SHOCKS Scientists — Biggest Earthquake In 103 Years
全トランスクリプト
The largest earthquake to strike
Malaysia in 103 years just ripped
through the mantle beneath Borneo.
A magnitude 7.1 earthquake erupted 620
km beneath the island of Sabah, deeper
than almost any earthquake ever recorded
on Earth.
78 million people across five countries
felt the shaking. From the northern tip
of Borneo to apartment buildings in
Singapore, 1,500 kilometers away.
Malaysia's deputy prime minister
activated the National Disaster
Management Committee and deployed
coastal patrols within the hour. Hotel
staff in Kota Kinabalu
ushered barefoot tourists down
stairwells and into parking lots,
clutching passports and phones.
Residents along the coupat Peninsula
rushed out of stilt houses and low-rise
shop lots, fearing a repeat of 2015. And
when seismologists at the United States
Geological Survey traced the rupture to
its source, they found it sitting on a
slab of rock that does not appear on any
current tectonic model of the Earth. But
here is the detail that tells the real
story.
The last time a major earthquake struck
the same region of Sabah, it was 20
times weaker, a magnitude 6.0,
18 km deep instead of 620. On the
morning of June 5th, 2015, that smaller,
shallower earthquake sent boulders the
size of car tires crashing down Mount
Kabalu and killed 18 people, including
six school children from Singapore on a
class trip. Eight months ago, two of the
survivors returned to the mountain to
summit it for the first time since the
disaster. A government monument in
Kundasang still lists all 18 names. And
now, a study of more than 500 buildings
across Sabah has found that over 160
structures in Kota, Canabalu, and Quudat
are vulnerable to partial collapse in a
moderate earthquake. Malaysia did not
have a seismic building code until 2017.
Most of those buildings were built
before it existed. Here is exactly what
unfolded. At 12:57 in the morning, local
time on February 23rd, the ground
beneath northern Borneo lurched
sideways. The German Research Center for
Geossciences filed the first report
within 5 minutes, magnitude 7.1.
Indonesia's Seismic Agency confirmed
within minutes. Then Australia, then
USSGS.
In Kota Kinabalu, the coastal capital of
Sabah, a resident in a high-rise told
Bernima the shaking lasted about 10
seconds, but felt much longer. The
ceiling fan in the living room swung
violently. Picture frames rattled off
walls. He woke his wife and three
children and rushed them down the
emergency stairwell to the parking
structure below. On the sixth floor of
another building, clinic assistant
Clarice Eve Moji Go had just finished a
night shift when her wardrobe door swung
open on its own. The window shook. She
grabbed her mother, a flashlight, and
her phone and ran. On the resort islands
of Manukan, Gaia, and Sappy, popular
with divers and day trippers, guests
reported beds shaking and wooden
structures creaking.
Power stayed on, but beachfront
operators moved guests away from the
waterline until authorities could rule
out a tsunami.
In Kota Kinabalu's waterfront hotel
district, some tourists waited barefoot
in open air car parks for nearly an hour
before management confirmed the allcle.
And then the shaking crossed borders.
In Singapore, 1,500 kilometers to the
southwest, residents in eastern
neighborhoods posted to social media
within minutes.
One user near Katang Park wrote that
their apartment was shaking quite a lot.
Another in pass described a loud bang at
their front door. Felt reports streamed
in from Brunai, from the Philippines,
from as far as Fuket, Thailand, and
Panampen, Cambodia.
The European Mediterranean Seismological
Center collected 55 individual reports
from five countries. 45 of those people
confirmed they felt the earthquake.
But here is where this story turns into
something no one expected. The US
Tsunami Warning Center confirmed within
minutes that no tsunami was possible.
Not because the earthquake was weak,
because it was too deep.
620 km below the surface. To put that in
perspective, the earthquake source was
farther from the nearest human being
than the distance from London to Paris,
twice over. Met Malaysia Director
General Dr. Mod Hisham Mod Anip
confirmed no aftershocks had been
recorded and explained that the
epicenter's extreme depth meant only
mild tremors reached the surface.
Deputy Prime Minister Ahmad Zahed
Hamidi, chairing the National Disaster
Management Committee, ordered continuous
field monitoring by the Sabah Fire and
Rescue Department and deployed patrols
to coastal areas near the Sabah
International Convention Center and
across the districts of Pudatan and
Coupat.
Zero deaths, zero injuries, zero
structural collapses.
By midm morning, fish vendors in
Kotakinaloo Central Market were back at
their stalls. Merchandise restacked,
hanging scales rehung. But the
conversations at those stalls kept
circling back to the same question.
Could it happen again? And could it be
worse?
Here is what the science reveals, and it
is stranger than anything a headline can
carry. The earthquake did not originate
on any known fault line, and it did not
rupture along the edges of any mapped
tectonic plate.
Seismologists Kyle Bradley and Judith
Hubard, writing for Earthquake Insights,
trace the rupture to a slab of subducted
rock that does not appear in the USGS
slab 2.0 model, the most comprehensive
map of the Earth's tectonic slabs ever
assembled. Their analysis points to a
possible origin that sounds like science
fiction. The remnants of the proto South
China Sea, a theoretical ocean basin
that once separated Borneo from mainland
Asia, were swallowed by the mantle
roughly 16 million years ago. A vanished
ocean still breaking.
Then came the part that rewrites the
textbooks.
At a depth of 620 km, rock cannot crack.
The temperatures are too extreme for
traditional brittle fracture. The
leading hypothesis is something called
transformational falting. Olivine, the
dominant mineral in the upper mantle,
undergo sudden crystal structure changes
under extreme pressure, rearranging its
atoms into denser configurations.
These phase changes can cascade through
the rock and trigger an earthquake-like
rupture even in material too hot to
shatter. This earthquake did not break
rock, it transformed it.
B. Nvakanesh, a researcher at the
Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention
Research Initiative at University
Kabangan, Malaysia, told Bernamama that
the earthquake resulted from deep slab
deformation.
Under high pressure at such depth, the
slab accumulated stress until it failed
and released massive energy. Most of
that energy, he explained, was absorbed
by the mantle and crust before reaching
the surface. And this is where the real
danger hides. It is not 620 km down. It
is at the surface.
Sabah sits at the collision point of
three tectonic plates. The Sunda plate,
the Philippine Sea plate, and the
Indo-Australian plate all converge
beneath northern Borneo. The state is
laced with shallow active fault systems
with the Crocker fault running through
Kota Kinabalu itself and the Mensaban
fault near Rana.
Muad Nur Ismael Abdul Raman, a senior
lecturer in marine geoscience at
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