Medical Coding And Billing Tutorials for Beginners | Human Anatomy (Part-2) - 11

So today we going to learn about

remaining part of human anatomy and this

is also very very important part. So we

will see anatomical positions.

Anatomical position also known as

standard anatomical position is the

consistent position of the human body in

which positional references is made for

anatomical nomenclature.

It is not reliant reliant on whether the

patient is standing, supine, prone,

sitting etc. So these are anatomical

positions. This is superior, upper part

is

superior, down part is inferior. Then

distal, distance means away from body

and proximal means near to the body.

Medial at the middle of the body.

Lateral, anterior, back side is also

known as posterior. Okay. Again, heads

at the side of head means cranial and at

the down side means cer. So now we'll

see anatomical planes. Sagittal plane,

transverse plane and coronal. Anatomical

planes are

imaginary flat surfaces that divided the

human body into specific sections

facilitating the study and description

of anatomical structures. There are

three planes of the body. First coronal

also known as frontal plane. This is

coronal plane. This is okay also known

as frontal plane. separates the front

means anterior and back means posterior

of the body. Sagittal sagittital means

longitudinal plane. Sagittal plane is

also known as longitudinal like this.

Okay. Separates left and right side of

the body. Left and right side of the

body separates by sagittital plane.

Whereas front and back side of the body

separated by coronal or frontal plane.

And third plane is transverse or axial

plane which separates the upper or

superior and lower or inferior horns of

the body. Okay. Upper and lower

separated by transverse plane whereas

right left separated by sagittital plane

and back front separated by coronal.

First we see coronal plane. It is often

referred to as frontal plane. This

divides the body into front means

anterior and back means posterior

sections. Anterior and posterior

sections. Movement that occurs in

coronal plane are lateral or side to

side. This include abduction. Abduction

means moving your limbs laterally away

from the midline of the body. Okay? For

example, lifting your leg to the side.

Abduction means moving your limbs

laterally away from midline of your body

is called

abduction. Whereas adduction means

moving your limbs medially towards the

midline of the body. For example,

lowering your arms down to the side of

the body. So abduction and adduction are

the movements that occur in coronal

plane. Okay, please remember these two

two terms. Abduction means moving limbs

away from body and adduction means

moving limbs towards the body. Any doubt

because uh this is also important.

You'll get straightforward question on

this. Yeah. No, no, I'm clear. Next

sagittital plane which divides our body

into left and right. The sagittital

plane also known as longitudinal plane

divides the body into left and right.

involves movement that occurs in

sagittal or longitudinal plane involves

forward and backward movements. Our

day-to-day activities usually occur in

this plane since we usually move by

swinging our arms and legs in front of

us. Okay. So, sagittital plane divide

our body into left and right. And third,

transverse plane also known as axial

plane. Okay. It divides body into upper,

upper means superior and lower means

inferior holes and movement that occurs

in this plane involves rotation or

horizontal movement. So these are three

planes. This is some differentiation

between different terms. Okay. Anterior

means situated before at the front

whereas posterior means situated after

at the back. Medial means pertaining to

middle near to middle of body. Whereas

lateral means far from center of body

part but away from middle. Superficial

means on the surface not deep and deep

means away from surface further into the

body.

Superior cranial syphalic means above or

top of and inferior means cordal podelic

towards the feet. Proximal means towards

the beginning the nearer of two items

and distal means more distant far from

the origin.

Inversion. Inversion means to turn

inwards to turn upside down to reverse

in position or order. And aversion means

to turn outward. Ipsilateral means on

the same side and contrateral means on

the other side. Supine means with back

or dorsal side downward and prone means

laying face downward. I got this

question while my on in my CPC supine

position. They give this term in this uh

line and ask what is this position

called? So like this straightforward

question they will ask and it it is easy

to score in this session. Okay. Then

dorsal means rel relating to back or

posterior and ventral means relating to

front and anterior. Next is body

cavities. So cranial cavity and

vententral cavity. Both cavity together

makes dorsal body cavity. Okay. Means

back side of the body we have cranial

cavity and vent. Whereas in the front

side we have thoracic cavity, abdominal

cavity and pelvic cavity. Thoracic

cavity we have superior

medastinum, plural cavity, pericardial

cavity. within the mediastum. The human

body is divided into number of body

cavities which are fluid fil spaces in

the body that hold and protect internal

organs. The two largest human body

cavities are the ventral cavity and

dorsal cavity. Ventrical cavity and

dorsal cavity are two largest body

cavities. These two body cavities are

subdivided into smaller body cavities.

Okay. So vententral body cavity is at

the anterior or front of the trunk.

Organ or organs contained within this

body cavity include lungs, heart,

stomach, intestine and reproductive

organs and it is subdivided into

thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities.

Whereas dorsal cavity it is at the

posterior or back of the body including

both head and back of the trunk and it

is subdivided into cranial and spinal

cavity. So cranial cavity consist brain

and pituitary gland whereas ventral

cavity consist spinal cord. Thoracic

cavity consist lungs, thymus, heart and

also it is in medastinal cavity. Okay.

Abdominal cavity consist stomach, liver,

pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, large and

small intestine. And in the pelvic

cavity we have urinary system and

reproductive system. These are quadrants

of the abdomen. Abdomen is divided into

four quadrants. Okay. First is right

upper quadrant, then right lower

quadrant, left upper quadrant and left

lower quadrant. You can see here in the

right upper quadrant we have liver,

gallbladder, dudenum and some part of

intestine. Okay, large and small

intestine. Then in the lower right lower

quadrant we have sum, appendix and

ilium. Then the left upper quadrant we

have stomach, pancreas. Le fixture,

transverse colon and gigun. Okay, means

some part of large and small intestine.

In left lower quadrant we have again

some part of large and small intestine.

Sigmoid colon present in left lower

quadrant, rectum and analy. So why this

is important? What do we think? Why this

is important? I don't have idea. That is

because it is it will be easy to

identify exact cause of that symptom.

Okay. Mostly patient come with uh

abdominal pain, right? The doctor will

check and ask where you feel in pain.

Okay. They press there and ask ask you

where you feel the pain. If you feel

pain in right lower quadrant, okay, that

means it is possible that you have some

issue with appendix or related to

seclium. Okay.

to diagnose the disease. This what to